Benjamin Ginsberg, a political scientist and professor, has claimed the proliferation of VPs and other administrators is destroying universities. Similarly, as universities have adopted a corporate structure there is concern over administrative bloat and over-paying VPs. magazine arguing to flatten the corporate hierarchy. The title of assistant vice president or associate vice president is used in large organizations below vice president and there can be a very convoluted list of other types of VPs as seen in the next section.Īs many of these VPs have minimal employees reporting to them, their necessity has been questioned, with for example Inc. When there are several vice presidents in a company, these individuals are sometimes differentiated with titles denoting higher positions such as executive vice president or senior vice president, with the remaining management team holding the title vice president. Some corporations that use this term may have individuals with the title of vice president responsible for specific business divisions (e.g., vice president for legal, vice president for sales and marketing, vice president for finance, and vice president for human resources). In non-financial businesses, vice presidents often report directly to the president or CEO of the company and are members of the executive management team. In business, "vice president" refers to hierarchical position that ranges from extremely senior positions directly reporting to C-level executives (in non-financial companies), to junior non-management positions with four to 10 years of experience (in financial companies). In parliamentary or semi-presidential systems, a vice president may coexist with a prime minister, as is the case in India and Namibia, but the presence of both offices concurrently is rare. The vice president sometimes assumes some of the ceremonial duties of the president, such as attending diplomatic functions and events that the actual president may be too busy to attend the Vice President of the United States, for example, often attends funerals of world leaders on behalf of the president. A few vice presidents in the Americas also hold the position of president of the senate this is the case, for example, in Argentina, the United States, and Uruguay. In many presidential systems, the vice president does not wield much day-to-day political power, but is still considered an important member of the cabinet. If the president is not present, dies, resigns, or is otherwise unable to fulfill their duties, the vice president will generally serve as president.
Most governments with vice presidents have one person in this role at any time, although in some countries there are two or more vice presidents–an extreme case being Iran's 12 vice presidents. Vice presidents are either elected jointly with the president as their running mate, or more rarely, appointed independently after the president's election. In government, a vice president is a person whose primary responsibility is to act in place of the president on the event of the president's death, resignation or incapacity. See also: List of current vice presidents
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